Does an AoE like Fireball target someone simply because they are in the area? Or are they not targets so we can't apply Resonants? (And if it does count, does that mean we can make someone not in the area take the Fireball damage with the Sympathy one?)
I don't think Anyone answered this.
Fireball is kind of a weird spell when it comes to this kind of ruling.
Yes it Targets (official spell mechanic here) an area on the grid, and that is where the spell happens, however to quote the text of the spell itself:
Fireball said:
A target takes 8d6 fire damage on a failed save
Which means everyone who is hit by a
Fireball counts as a target of the spell.
This is a unique property of the Fireball spell thanks to the wording of the spell.
Lightning Bolt, the Luigi to
Fireball's Mario, says this instead:
Lightning Bolt said:
A creature takes 8d6 lightning damage on a failed save
Now, you might think this is mere pedantry and the words are interchangeable, but it has been referenced in a ruling:
Spell with one target
Jeremy Crawford said:
Look carefully at the text of fireball: every creature affected is called a target.
And this has been backed up by the official
Sage Advice:
Sage Advice said:
Some spells (like eldritch blast ) target a creature. Some others (like fire bolt ) target objects too. Does this mean that I can’t attack the door with eldritch blast?
The target specifications (creature, object, or something else) in spells are intentional.
In contrast, a spell like
Darkness targets only areas or objects, and affects creatures who wander into it's zone, who are not targets themselves. Which means a Resonant is off the table for them.