I definately prefer carrot to stick.
In the homebrew I've been working on, I try to make abilities that have tradeoffs where I can. However, in a few places I have put in (race) abilities where you can opt in on a penalty to gain a benefit elsewhere.
For example, rather than force halflings...
If you enforce the "have to have free hand to cast spells", that generally cuts out shield plus shield, short of the character burning a feat to get War Caster.
But the base rule of having a free hand is one I keep forgetting/ignoring and I suspect many other tables do the same.
My wife does index cards for our youngest (who is autistic), but someone still has to take the time to write it - and have legible handwriting (that's a real problem with one of our other players).
I can only account for myself, but my wife set aside our last session for "leveling up", with our sessions normally being ~2-3 hours. I had already leveled up at the end of our last session, in 5 minutes - taking my Sorc 3/Rogue 2 to Sorc 3/Rogue 3 and taking the Arcane Trickster subclass...
Ugh? Featureless room? Throw in some elements the players can use or have it used against them. Grells hiding in fog in the air above. A pool of mildly acidic/entangling goo that heals the Mind Flayer. A concealed door the spellcaster can duck through and leave a harmful area of effect...
I will say digital dice can go to hell.
You can't microwave them or at the least put them in a boo box when they double-cross you. And it's a lot cheaper to replace a d20 that got stuck being hurled in a wall than a tablet hurled at the wall and now has an unreadable screen.
If I wasn't constrained by backwards compatibility, I'd be burned at the stake for the changes I'd make.
Remove classes entirely and just have suggested "starting packages" (and maybe "paths") that mimic selecting a class; abilities become options/feats you purchase with XP and have...
I'm crossing my fingers we won't see a 6E and 5E will remain evergreen with minor tweaks along the lines of 2024 for the future.
But, sigh, having seen the burn-out back in 2E with a system that failed to keep up with modern RPG developments it's very likely D&D 5E will become stagnant at some...
In a perfect world, I might agree.
Actual table experience, however just negates that. Players have been glossing over or forgetting detrimental rules/effects or flat-out misreading stuff since the start. If you want to watch your game crash and burn, just trust your players and never check...